Review: Antibacterial activity of lime (Citrus aurantifolia L.) peel
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Apr 30, 2024
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Abstract
Over the past three decades, a plethora of scientific publications have indicated that medicinal plants may offer a viable substitute for antibiotics. Research on the antibacterial activity of lime peel, or Citrus aurantifolia L., has been widely published. This review aimed to highlight the lime peel as antibacterial agents. Numerous scientific papers included for this review demonstrated the potentially effective antibacterial properties of lime peel. Strong antibacterial activity is exhibited by lime peel essential oils, extracts, and fractions. One component of lime peel essential oils that contributes to its antibacterial properties is limonene. According to this study, infections brought on some bacteria including cariogenic bacteria and acne bacteria can be treated using lime peel.
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How to Cite
Wibowo, D. P. and Mariani, R. (2024) “Review: Antibacterial activity of lime (Citrus aurantifolia L.) peel ”, Science Midwifery, 12(1), pp. 484-492. doi: 10.35335/midwifery.v12i1.1475.
References
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Adedeji, W. (2016). The Treasure Called Antibiotics. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine, 14(2), 56–57. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5354621/pdf/AIPM-14-56.pdf
Aelenei, P., Rimbu, C. M., Guguianu, E., Dimitriu, G., Aprotosoaie, A. C., Brebu, M., Horhogea, C. E., & Miron, A. (2019). Coriander essential oil and linalool – interactions with antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 68(2), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13100
Afroja, S., Falgunee, F. N., Jahan, M. M., Akanda, K. M., Mehjabin, S., & Parvez, G. M. M. (2017). Antibacterial Activity of Different Citrus Fruits. Specialty Journal of Medical Research and Health Science, 2(1), 25–32.
Al-Breiki, A. M., Al-Brashdi, H. M., Al-Sabahi, J. N., & Khan, S. A. (2018). Comparative GC-MS Analysis, in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils isolated from the peel of Omani lime. Chiang Mai Journal of Science, 45(4), 1782–1795.
Alsheikh, H. M. Al, Sultan, I., Kumar, V., Rather, I. A., Al‐sheikh, H., Jan, A. T., & Haq, Q. M. R. (2020). Plant‐based phytochemicals as possible alternative to antibiotics in combating bacterial drug resistance. Antibiotics, 9(8), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9080480
Aslam, B., Wang, W., Arshad, M. I., Khurshid, M., Muzammil, S., Rasool, M. H., Nisar, M. A., Alvi, R. F., Aslam, M. A., Qamar, M. U., Salamat, M. K. F., & Baloch, Z. (2018). Antibiotic resistance: a rundown of a global crisis. Infection and Drug Resistance, 11, 1645–1658. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S173867
Cho, T. J., Park, S. M., Yu, H., Seo, G. H., Kim, H. W., Kim, S. A., & Rhee, M. S. (2020). Recent advances in the application of antibacterial complexes using essential oils. Molecules, 25(7), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071752
Dzoyem, J. P., Nkuete, A. H. L., Kuete, V., Tala, M. F., Wabo, H. K., Guru, S. K., Rajput, V. S., Sharma, A., Tane, P., Khan, I. A., Saxena, A. K., Laatsch, H., & Tan, N. H. (2012). Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract and compounds from Polygonum limbatum. Planta Medica, 78(8), 787–792. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1298431
Edogbanya, P., Suleiman, M., Olorunmola, J., & Oijagbe, I. (2019). Comparative study on the antimicrobial effects of essential oils from peels of three citrus fruits. MOJ Biology and Medicine, 4(2), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojbm.2019.04.00113
Ekawati, E. R., Pradana, M. S., & Darmanto, W. I. N. (2019). Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peel as natural antibacteria for wound skin infection caused by staphylococcus aureus. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 11(1), 363–366. https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2019.11.01.042
Fatimah, V., & Kurniawati, H. (2024). The correlation between mother behavior and knowledge on the use of antibiotics in diarrheal children at Kedungreja , Cilacap. Science Midwifery, 11(6), 924–930.
Ghosh, R., Hoque, N., Shanta, M. A., Nasrin, N., & Muhammad Asaduzzaman, -. (2020). Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Different Fractions of Citrus aurantifolia Peel. Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v19i2.50632
Guo, F., Liang, Q., Zhang, M., Chen, W., Chen, H., Yun, Y., Zhong, Q., & Chen, W. (2021). Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Linalool against Shewanella putrefaciens. Molecules, 26(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/MOLECULES26010245
Han, Y., Chen, W., & Sun, Z. (2021). Antimicrobial activity and mechanism of limonene against Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Food Safety, 41(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12918
Hasan, T. H., & Al-Harmoosh, R. A. (2020). Mechanisms of antibiotics resistance in bacteria. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(6), 817–823. https://doi.org/10.31838/srp.2020.6.118
Jeffrey, J., Satari, M. H., Kurnia, D., & Sudigdoadi, S. (2020). Inhibition of streptococcus mutans growth induced by the extract of citrus aurantifolia peel. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research, 13(1), 122–127.
Kelvin, & Linda Julianti Wijayadi. (2022). The Role of Herbal Plant Essential Oils in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. Science Midwifery, 10(4), 3096–3103. https://doi.org/10.35335/midwifery.v10i4.764
Lemes, R. S., Alves, C. C. F., Estevam, E. B. B., Santiago, M. B., Martins, C. H. G., Dos Santos, T. C. L., Crotti, A. E. M., & Miranda, M. L. D. (2018). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from Citrus aurantifolia leaves and fruit peel against oral pathogenic bacteria. Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 90(2), 1285–1292. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170847
Nurdin, J. A., Munir, R. S., & Setiabudi, R. J. (2012). Essential oil extract of Citrus Aurantifolia L. has better antibacterial effect than sulfur towards Staphylococcus epidermidis. Folia Medica Indonesiana, 48(3), 115–120. http://www.journal.unair.ac.id/filerPDF/fmid1273f694efull.pdf
Porras, G., Chassagne, F., Lyles, J. T., Marquez, L., Dettweiler, M., Salam, A. M., Samarakoon, T., Shabih, S., Farrokhi, D. R., & Quave, C. L. (2021). Ethnobotany and the Role of Plant Natural Products in Antibiotic Drug Discovery. Chemical Reviews, 121(6), 3495–3560. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00922
Puspita, S., Eddy, D. R., Wahyudi, T., & Julaeha, E. (2020). Microencapsulation of Lime Peel Essential Oils (Citrus aurantifolia) with Complex Coacervation Methods using Gelatin/Sodium Alginate Coating. Jurnal Kimia Valensi, 6(1), 104–110. https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v6i1.14618
Rafiq, S., Kaul, R., Sofi, S. A., Bashir, N., Nazir, F., & Ahmad Nayik, G. (2018). Citrus peel as a source of functional ingredient: A review. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 17(4), 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2016.07.006
Shakya, A., Luitel, B., Kumari, P., Devkota, R., Dahal, P. R., & Chaudhary, R. (2019). Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology. 6(1), 82–88.
Singh, B., Singh, J. P., Kaur, A., & Yadav, M. P. (2021). Insights into the chemical composition and bioactivities of citrus peel essential oils. Food Research International, 143(January), 110231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110231
Vaou, N., Stavropoulou, E., Voidarou, C., Tsigalou, C., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2021). Towards advances in medicinal plant antimicrobial activity: A review study on challenges and future perspectives. Microorganisms, 9(10), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102041
Vieira, T. M., Dias, H. J., Medeiros, T. C. T., Grundmann, C. O., Groppo, M., Heleno, V. C. G., Martins, C. H. G., Cunha, W. R., Crotti, A. E. M., & Silva, E. O. (2017). Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Artemisia absinthium Asteraceae Leaves. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants, 20(1), 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2016.1257370
Adedeji, W. (2016). The Treasure Called Antibiotics. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine, 14(2), 56–57. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5354621/pdf/AIPM-14-56.pdf
Aelenei, P., Rimbu, C. M., Guguianu, E., Dimitriu, G., Aprotosoaie, A. C., Brebu, M., Horhogea, C. E., & Miron, A. (2019). Coriander essential oil and linalool – interactions with antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 68(2), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13100
Afroja, S., Falgunee, F. N., Jahan, M. M., Akanda, K. M., Mehjabin, S., & Parvez, G. M. M. (2017). Antibacterial Activity of Different Citrus Fruits. Specialty Journal of Medical Research and Health Science, 2(1), 25–32.
Al-Breiki, A. M., Al-Brashdi, H. M., Al-Sabahi, J. N., & Khan, S. A. (2018). Comparative GC-MS Analysis, in-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils isolated from the peel of Omani lime. Chiang Mai Journal of Science, 45(4), 1782–1795.
Alsheikh, H. M. Al, Sultan, I., Kumar, V., Rather, I. A., Al‐sheikh, H., Jan, A. T., & Haq, Q. M. R. (2020). Plant‐based phytochemicals as possible alternative to antibiotics in combating bacterial drug resistance. Antibiotics, 9(8), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9080480
Aslam, B., Wang, W., Arshad, M. I., Khurshid, M., Muzammil, S., Rasool, M. H., Nisar, M. A., Alvi, R. F., Aslam, M. A., Qamar, M. U., Salamat, M. K. F., & Baloch, Z. (2018). Antibiotic resistance: a rundown of a global crisis. Infection and Drug Resistance, 11, 1645–1658. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S173867
Cho, T. J., Park, S. M., Yu, H., Seo, G. H., Kim, H. W., Kim, S. A., & Rhee, M. S. (2020). Recent advances in the application of antibacterial complexes using essential oils. Molecules, 25(7), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25071752
Dzoyem, J. P., Nkuete, A. H. L., Kuete, V., Tala, M. F., Wabo, H. K., Guru, S. K., Rajput, V. S., Sharma, A., Tane, P., Khan, I. A., Saxena, A. K., Laatsch, H., & Tan, N. H. (2012). Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract and compounds from Polygonum limbatum. Planta Medica, 78(8), 787–792. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1298431
Edogbanya, P., Suleiman, M., Olorunmola, J., & Oijagbe, I. (2019). Comparative study on the antimicrobial effects of essential oils from peels of three citrus fruits. MOJ Biology and Medicine, 4(2), 49–54. https://doi.org/10.15406/mojbm.2019.04.00113
Ekawati, E. R., Pradana, M. S., & Darmanto, W. I. N. (2019). Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peel as natural antibacteria for wound skin infection caused by staphylococcus aureus. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 11(1), 363–366. https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2019.11.01.042
Fatimah, V., & Kurniawati, H. (2024). The correlation between mother behavior and knowledge on the use of antibiotics in diarrheal children at Kedungreja , Cilacap. Science Midwifery, 11(6), 924–930.
Ghosh, R., Hoque, N., Shanta, M. A., Nasrin, N., & Muhammad Asaduzzaman, -. (2020). Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Different Fractions of Citrus aurantifolia Peel. Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 19(2), 161–168. https://doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v19i2.50632
Guo, F., Liang, Q., Zhang, M., Chen, W., Chen, H., Yun, Y., Zhong, Q., & Chen, W. (2021). Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Linalool against Shewanella putrefaciens. Molecules, 26(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/MOLECULES26010245
Han, Y., Chen, W., & Sun, Z. (2021). Antimicrobial activity and mechanism of limonene against Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Food Safety, 41(5), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12918
Hasan, T. H., & Al-Harmoosh, R. A. (2020). Mechanisms of antibiotics resistance in bacteria. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11(6), 817–823. https://doi.org/10.31838/srp.2020.6.118
Jeffrey, J., Satari, M. H., Kurnia, D., & Sudigdoadi, S. (2020). Inhibition of streptococcus mutans growth induced by the extract of citrus aurantifolia peel. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research, 13(1), 122–127.
Kelvin, & Linda Julianti Wijayadi. (2022). The Role of Herbal Plant Essential Oils in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris. Science Midwifery, 10(4), 3096–3103. https://doi.org/10.35335/midwifery.v10i4.764
Lemes, R. S., Alves, C. C. F., Estevam, E. B. B., Santiago, M. B., Martins, C. H. G., Dos Santos, T. C. L., Crotti, A. E. M., & Miranda, M. L. D. (2018). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils from Citrus aurantifolia leaves and fruit peel against oral pathogenic bacteria. Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 90(2), 1285–1292. https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170847
Nurdin, J. A., Munir, R. S., & Setiabudi, R. J. (2012). Essential oil extract of Citrus Aurantifolia L. has better antibacterial effect than sulfur towards Staphylococcus epidermidis. Folia Medica Indonesiana, 48(3), 115–120. http://www.journal.unair.ac.id/filerPDF/fmid1273f694efull.pdf
Porras, G., Chassagne, F., Lyles, J. T., Marquez, L., Dettweiler, M., Salam, A. M., Samarakoon, T., Shabih, S., Farrokhi, D. R., & Quave, C. L. (2021). Ethnobotany and the Role of Plant Natural Products in Antibiotic Drug Discovery. Chemical Reviews, 121(6), 3495–3560. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00922
Puspita, S., Eddy, D. R., Wahyudi, T., & Julaeha, E. (2020). Microencapsulation of Lime Peel Essential Oils (Citrus aurantifolia) with Complex Coacervation Methods using Gelatin/Sodium Alginate Coating. Jurnal Kimia Valensi, 6(1), 104–110. https://doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v6i1.14618
Rafiq, S., Kaul, R., Sofi, S. A., Bashir, N., Nazir, F., & Ahmad Nayik, G. (2018). Citrus peel as a source of functional ingredient: A review. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 17(4), 351–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2016.07.006
Shakya, A., Luitel, B., Kumari, P., Devkota, R., Dahal, P. R., & Chaudhary, R. (2019). Tribhuvan University Journal of Microbiology. 6(1), 82–88.
Singh, B., Singh, J. P., Kaur, A., & Yadav, M. P. (2021). Insights into the chemical composition and bioactivities of citrus peel essential oils. Food Research International, 143(January), 110231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110231
Vaou, N., Stavropoulou, E., Voidarou, C., Tsigalou, C., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2021). Towards advances in medicinal plant antimicrobial activity: A review study on challenges and future perspectives. Microorganisms, 9(10), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9102041
Vieira, T. M., Dias, H. J., Medeiros, T. C. T., Grundmann, C. O., Groppo, M., Heleno, V. C. G., Martins, C. H. G., Cunha, W. R., Crotti, A. E. M., & Silva, E. O. (2017). Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil of Artemisia absinthium Asteraceae Leaves. Journal of Essential Oil-Bearing Plants, 20(1), 123–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/0972060X.2016.1257370