Science Midwifery

Needs analysis of breastfeeding support applications

Citra Setyo Dwi Andhini — 2025-09-18

The WHO recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months and continued breastfeeding until two years of age or beyond. However, many inhibiting factors remain, such as limited knowledge, lack of support from family and healthcare professionals, and psychological and social barriers that impact breastfeeding success. This study aims to analyze the need for breastfeeding support apps among mothers. This is a qualitative study with an exploratory descriptive approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 mothers who have breastfed and healthcare professionals, with questions related to mothers' personal experiences while breastfeeding, information sources used, information needs, needs for breastfeeding education apps, expectations and suggestions. The results of this study identified five themes: physical and emotional challenges in breastfeeding, the need for practical and specific information, trust in information sources, preferences for digital educational media, and expectations for educational apps. Through this study, it can be concluded that mothers need support from all parties, including healthcare professionals, with short video and visual educational media aligned to support breastfeeding practices.

Comparison of vital signs in gymnastic participants in ac and non-ac rooms

Fernando Fernando — 2025-09-19

Vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature, are essential indicators of physiological responses to exercise. Environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity may alter these responses, yet limited evidence exists regarding their effect during indoor training in tropical climates. This study aimed to analyze differences in vital sign responses between individuals performing gymnastics-based strength training in air-conditioned (AC) and non-AC fitness centers in Medan Petisah District, Medan. A quasi-experimental pretest–posttest two-group design was applied with 100 male participants aged 18–30 years who routinely engaged in gymnastics-based exercise. Participants were divided into two groups: training in AC gyms and training in non-AC gyms. Vital signs, namely heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, and body temperature, were measured before and after a standardized 30-minute session. Data analysis used the Independent t-test with a significance threshold of p<0.05. The findings showed no statistically significant differences in heart rate (p=0.184), systolic blood pressure (p=0.263), diastolic blood pressure (p=0.714), respiratory rate (p=0.114), and body temperature (p=0.380) between the AC and non-AC groups. These results indicate that short-term strength training produces similar physiological responses regardless of the presence of air conditioning. Strength training in both AC and non-AC environments demonstrated comparable impacts on vital signs. Although environmental comfort may differ, acute physiological adaptation remained stable. Further studies should involve diverse participants, longer training durations, and additional physiological variables to deepen understanding.

Relationship between physical activity and sedentary lifestyle with the incidence of obesity in bri bank malang kawi employees

Hasna Nabiilah Nur Aini — 2025-09-19

Lack of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle habits can lead to obesity. Insufficient physical activity may result in decreased energy expenditure in the body, creating an imbalance between energy intake and output during daily activities. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between physical activity and sedentary lifestyle with obesity among employees of BRI Malang Kawi Bank. This research employed an analytical observational design with a case-control approach. Samples were selected using purposive sampling, consisting of 15 obese and 15 non-obese respondents. Physical activity data were collected using the GPAQ questionnaire, while sedentary lifestyle was assessed using the WSQ questionnaire, both completed by the employees in December 2023. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used. Most respondents had sufficient physical activity, with 60% in the obese group and 80% in the non-obese group. Weekend sedentary time was 7.1 hours for obese and 8.9 hours for non-obese respondents. A significant positive correlation was found between physical activity and obesity (p = 0.037), whereas no significant relationship was observed between sedentary lifestyle and obesity (p = 0.952). Physical activity significantly influenced obesity incidence, while sedentary lifestyle had no effect among BRI Malang Kawi Bank employees.

Electronic medical record acceptance using technology acceptance model at Panti Waluyo Hospital Surakarta

Rizky Nur Safitri — 2025-09-20

The adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in Indonesia has been accelerated by national regulations; however, many hospitals continue to face significant challenges such as limited infrastructure, varying levels of digital literacy among healthcare workers, and resistance to shifting from paper-based systems. These issues highlight the urgency of evaluating user acceptance in specific hospital contexts. This study evaluates the acceptance of EMR implementation at Panti Waluyo Hospital Surakarta using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A descriptive qualitative design was applied through in-depth interviews, observations, and document reviews. Fifteen participants, including physicians, nurses, medical record officers, and administrative staff, were purposively selected to represent core EMR user groups. The findings indicated that 73% of respondents perceived EMR as useful in improving documentation efficiency and accuracy, while 67% agreed that the system was easy to navigate. Moreover, 80% expressed willingness to continue using EMR. Barriers identified included technical disruptions (40%) and the need for continuous training (53%). Overall, the results suggest that EMR adoption is positively accepted within the hospital, although organizational support and infrastructure improvements remain necessary. The study concludes that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use play significant roles in shaping user attitudes and behavioral intentions, which in turn influence actual system use. Strengthening user competence, addressing digital literacy gaps, and ensuring technical reliability are essential to sustain EMR implementation in healthcare settings.

Self-efficacy and students' readiness for providing nursing care through telenursing

Aulya Kartini Dg Karra — 2025-09-20

The advancement of technology has transformed the way nursing care is delivered. This study aimed to assess self-efficacy and readiness among nursing students in providing nursing care through telenursing at STIKES Amanah Makassar. Research design was a mixed-methods with a sequential explanatory consisting of two phases. The first phase used a retrospective quantitative approach with a standardized questionnaire. The second phase employed a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews. The results indicated that all students had high self-efficacy (100%), but their readiness to implement telenursing varied, where students’ high readiness (88.2%) and moderate (11.8%). Qualitative analysis revealed that although students were confident in their basic nursing skills, they still faced challenges with the technical aspects and adaptation to telenursing technology. Self-efficacy and readiness played a significant role in students' ability to provide nursing care through telenursing. All students have high self-efficacy were better prepared to face mental and technical challenges, including technology adaptation. While most students showed good readiness, there was still a need for strengthening technical skills and understanding of telenursing. Although each student showed a high level of self-efficacy, there were differences in their preparedness to use telenursing.

Application of beethoven’s classical music therapy: A case study on patients with auditory hallucinations at RSJD Dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta

Ivanda Andinar Sukotjo — 2025-09-20

Auditory hallucinations are a perceptual disorder in which individuals respond to stimuli that are not present, yet perceived as real. This case study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Beethoven classical music therapy in reducing the intensity of auditory hallucinations among patients with schizophrenia at Dr. Arif Zainudin Surakarta Mental Hospital. The therapy was applied as a complementary non-pharmacological intervention to help manage hallucination symptoms. A pre-test and post-test design was used with five patients diagnosed with schizophrenia who experienced auditory hallucinations. Each patient received Beethoven classical music therapy in a series of scheduled sessions. The measurement instrument was the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS). Validity testing was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis (RMSEA = 0.00; CFI = 0.994), while reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha (α = 0.61). The AHRS measures the frequency, duration, conviction, and impact of hallucinations on daily activities. Pre- and post-therapy data were analyzed using the Shapiro Wilk normality test, followed by a paired t-test. Results indicated a significant reduction in AHRS scores (p = 0.000; p < 0.05) across all patients after receiving the therapy, indicating a positive effect in reducing hallucination intensity.

Development of stroke hand gripper innovation as an alternative tool for independent range of motion (ROM) in stroke patients

Susanti Susanti — 2025-10-02

Background: Stroke or Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA) is a condition of rapid loss of neurological function due to impaired blood vessel perfusion. Stroke is caused by factors including: cerebral platelets, Hemorrhage, and Embolism. The impact of stroke is the occurrence of hand drop which is characterized by the inability to lift the wrist, move the fingers or experience weakness in the hand area. One of the treatment efforts to minimize the impact of stroke is to do Range of Motion (ROM) Exercises early. The purpose of this study is to develop a ROM aid as an alternative tool for independent ROM (stroke hand gripper) and assess its efficiency on the strength of the muscles of the fingers. Method: This study involved 30 respondents in the working area of the Cot Seumeureung Community Health Center, West Aceh Regency, using purposive sampling. The research design is a Combined method, namely the research and development method or R&D (Research and development) and Pre-Experiment. The results of the study showed that the average value of muscle strength before ROM exercises using ROM aids was 2.00 and the average muscle strength after ROM exercises using ROM aids was 2.35 with a significance value of 0.008 (p <0.05), thus it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in muscle strength before ROM exercises and after ROM exercises using ROM aids.

Socio-cultural analysis and maternal behavior towards the stunting phenomenon in the Samatiga Community Health Center work area

Rina Julianti — 2025-10-02

Stunting is a growth disorder characterized by toddlers that results in delayed growth that is not in accordance with the standards. Data from the Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI) of the Ministry of Health shows that out of 34 provinces in Indonesia, Aceh Province ranked 3rd in stunting rates in 2021 and 5th in 2022 at 31.2%. Based on electronic data from the Community-Based Nutrition Reporting and Recording (e-PPGBM) obtained from 2023, West Aceh Regency with a target of 14,848 toddlers with stunting cases amounted to 352 toddlers with stunting, with Samatiga District dominating stunting cases reaching 44 toddlers (31.8%). The purpose of this study was to analyze the socio-cultural and maternal behavior towards stunting in the Samatiga Community Health Center Working Area. The study was conducted from April to July 2025. Descriptive Analysis Research with a sample of 44 toddlers experiencing stunting, data collection was carried out using questionnaires and interviews. Based on the results of socio-cultural research in the good category (pregnancy 63.6% and postpartum 88.7%) and maternal behavior (there is drinking coffee/tea 11.3%; good parenting patterns 68.2%; exclusive breastfeeding 11.3%; appropriate complementary feeding 72.7% and complete immunization 22.7%). The need for awareness of mothers and health workers to provide education on factors that cause stunting in children.

The relationship between stunting and breastfeeding cessation in toddlers

Agnes Septrya Simanjuntak — 2025-10-03

This study aimed to analyze the relationship between breastfeeding cessation and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Medan City. A total of 124 toddlers participated, with 50% experiencing stunting. Descriptive analysis showed that most mothers stopped breastfeeding between 0–6 months (50.81%), while the majority of toddlers (89.52%) consumed formula milk until 54–60 months. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test indicated non-normal data distribution (p = 0.000), leading to the use of Spearman’s rank correlation. Results revealed a significant moderate positive correlation between breastfeeding cessation age and stunting incidence (r = 0.432; p = 0.000), indicating that earlier cessation of breastfeeding increases the risk of stunting. These findings align with previous research emphasizing the critical role of breastfeeding in stunting prevention. Although formula milk consumption was common, it did not significantly influence stunting alone. Therefore, stunting prevention efforts should prioritize exclusive breastfeeding for six months and continued breastfeeding up to two years, alongside improved complementary feeding, environmental sanitation, and maternal nutrition. A multisectoral approach is essential to effectively reduce stunting prevalence and improve toddler health in Medan City.

Clinical features that need to be considered for crouzon syndrome in infancy: A rare case in Indonesia

Febriana Faustin — 2025-10-03

Crouzon syndrome is a rare congenital disorder marked by premature cranial suture closure, leading to craniofacial deformities and potential neurological and respiratory complications. In Indonesia, reports are scarce, particularly in infants, and existing studies are largely limited to descriptive case reports. This study aims to describe the clinical features of Crouzon syndrome in Indonesian infants and examine the potential role of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2) mutations in relation to local healthcare conditions. Using a retrospective observational case study design, data were obtained from medical records of infants with respiratory distress and swallowing difficulties since the neonatal period, complemented by radiological findings and clinical management notes. The results revealed characteristic signs such as craniosynostosis, maxillary hypoplasia, exophthalmos, and evidence of FGFR2 involvement in premature cranial bone fusion. In conclusion, early diagnosis and routine prenatal monitoring are essential to prevent severe complications, while this study contributes to the limited national literature and supports the development of more contextually appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic protocols.

Epidemiological study of maternal risk factors influencing the incidence of preterm birth in developing countries

Henrietta Imelda Tondong — 2025-10-04

Preterm birth (PTB) remains a significant public health challenge in developing countries, contributing to high neonatal morbidity and mortality rates. This qualitative literature review aims to explore the maternal risk factors influencing the incidence of preterm birth in these regions. By examining existing studies, the review identifies key maternal characteristics such as age, nutritional status, socioeconomic factors, reproductive history, and healthcare access, which contribute to the risk of PTB. Additionally, the review highlights the role of environmental factors, including stress, pollution, and infections, in increasing preterm birth rates. The findings suggest that improving maternal healthcare, enhancing public awareness, and addressing socioeconomic disparities are essential in reducing the prevalence of preterm birth in developing countries. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing PTB and offers insights for developing targeted interventions aimed at reducing its incidence in resource-limited settings.

Use of molecular imprinted polymer for isolation of secondary metabolites in plants for drug raw material independence

Untung Gunawan — 2025-10-04

Indonesia, with its rich biodiversity, has numerous plant species with significant therapeutic potential. Secondary metabolites in plants play a vital role in pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and the food industry. However, traditional methods for isolating these compounds are often non-selective, time-consuming, and environmentally unfriendly. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) is an emerging method for isolating secondary metabolites due to its selectivity and efficiency. MIP has been successfully applied in the identification and separation of plant-derived compounds, including secondary metabolites, chemical residues, and pesticides. This study explores the use of MIP for isolating secondary metabolites in plants and aims to contribute to developing strategies for obtaining targeted metabolites. The findings also highlight future research opportunities for MIP in industrial applications to support the independence of medicinal raw materials in Indonesia.

Herbs issue with knowledge, attitudes, and behavior Bangunjiwo Cadres in Bantul

Indrayanti Indrayanti — 2025-10-04

The use of herbs as part of traditional health efforts is still widely in demand by the community, so the role of health cadres is needed in providing appropriate education. This study aims to analyze the effect of training on the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of health cadres at Kasihan I Health Center regarding the use of herbs. The research method used was quantitative with a pre-experimental one group pretest-posttest design. The results of the analysis showed that training had a positive effect on increasing knowledge and changing the behavior of cadres in the use and counseling of herbs. Training had a significant effect on the attitudes (p = 0.00) and behavior (p = 0.002) of health cadres about herbs. However, the effect on attitudes was not statistically significant. These findings indicate the importance of strengthening the affective aspect in training programs so that changes in attitudes occur in line with increased knowledge and behavior.

Evaluation of the drug management system at the pharmaceutical supplies installation of the Tegal City Health service in 2019

Anggun Setya Wibawa — 2025-10-04

Drug management involves a series of interconnected activities, including planning, procurement, receipt, storage, distribution, control, recording, reporting, disposal, monitoring, and evaluation. This study aimed to evaluate the drug management system, identify challenges and solutions, and assess its compliance with the 2010 Ministry of Health standards at the Pharmaceutical Supply Installation of the Tegal City Health Office. A descriptive design was used, with retrospective data collected from 2019 documents. Primary data were obtained through direct observation and in-depth interviews to identify obstacles, while secondary data were sourced from drug management records based on ten indicators and compared with the 2010 standards. The results revealed several discrepancies: in the planning stage, drug conformity with the Fornas Level I reached 92.54% and planning accuracy was 184.22%; in procurement, drug availability was 92.04%, generic drugs 88.97%, and budget allocation 98.14%. Storage met standards, with 0% expired or damaged drugs. In distribution, the proportion of drugs in the safe category was 46.27% and average stock-out duration was 27.40%, while distribution accuracy reached 100%. Key challenges include the presence of non-Fornas drugs, disruptions in the e-logistics reporting system, and procurement delays due to an underdeveloped e-catalogue system. Recommended solutions include regular training for drug management staff, improved coordination with the TPOT team based on clinical and pharmacoeconomic considerations, and the addition of pharmacist personnel.

Uncovering the determinants of low involvement of the elderly in chronic disease management: A qualitative approach at Ratih Clinic, Badung

Putu Paramitha Budiartami — 2025-10-06

The Chronic Disease Management Program (CDMP) aims to improve the quality of life of the elderly through the control of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. However, the participation of the elderly at the Tabanan Ratih Clinic is still low, hampering the effectiveness of the program. This study aims to identify the factors that play a role in the low involvement of the elderly in CDMP. Qualitative research with a descriptive phenomenological approach was conducted at the Ratih Clinic in Badung in March-June 2024. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with 10 elderly people (aged 60-70 years) who had low participation and 6 health workers. Thematic analysis is used to identify determinants. Four main themes were found, namely (1) accessibility and mobility barriers, (2) lack of knowledge and negative perception of CDMP, (3) lack of family and social support, and (4) economic factors and time priorities. The low participation of the elderly is influenced by interrelated multidimensional factors. Recommendations include the provision of free transportation, local culture-based education, family involvement, and the integration of CDMP with community activities such as the elderly Posyandu. These findings support the development of inclusive strategies to increase the involvement of the elderly in chronic disease management, in line with CDMP' goals.

Perception of officers in work safety protocols to achieve zero accidents at PT. Paramitha Build Means

Elsa Alelga — 2025-10-07

The high rate of occupational accidents indicates that the implementation of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) in the construction sector still needs to be strengthened, including at the PT. Paramitha Bangun Sarana (Soci Mas) project, where worker compliance with the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and standard operating procedures (SOPs) remains low. This study aims to describe the implementation of safety protocols and the achievement of the zero-accident program at the project site. A descriptive quantitative method was applied using a total sampling of 50 field workers. Data were collected through questionnaires and observations. Frequency distribution results show that most respondents were aged 18–33 years (82%), male (94%), and high-school graduates (82%). The level of OSH protocol perception was very good, with 94% of respondents agreeing and 6% strongly agreeing on the optimization of safety protocols. Zero-accident achievement was also high, indicated by 94% agreeing and 4% strongly agreeing with the program's application. These findings confirm that consistent application of OSH protocols, strong management support, and a solid safety culture can create a safe work environment, support the realization of zero-accident targets, and contribute to Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 8 on decent work and economic growth.

Peer counseling training and self-motivation at Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Muhammad Arif Rizqi — 2025-10-09

Adolescents were vulnerable to mental health challenges as they faced new environments and experiences. To support them, the Student and Alumni Development Institute at Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta provided counseling services through peer counselors. However, these peer counselors experienced low motivation and limited confidence due to the absence of structured training. This study aimed to examine the effect of peer counseling training on the self-motivation of peer counselors. A quantitative study with a quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted involving 31 peer counselors selected through total sampling. The intervention consisted of structured peer counseling training sessions. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results showed a significant increase in self-motivation scores after training compared to before (p = 0.043). These findings indicated that peer counseling training effectively improved the self-motivation of peer counselors. Strengthening training programs may enhance the quality of counseling services provided to adolescents through peer-based interventions.

Phytochemical study and pharmacological activity of the schoutenia ovata korth. stems from the hills of Tulungagung

Eni Setyowati — 2025-10-09

Schoutenia ovata Korth. has a shrub or tree habit and is able to grow up to a height of 25 meters. Humans often use this plant as medicine, one of which is found on the stems. However, no one has researched the good phytochemical content of this plant stem. This is evident in the PubChem data, which indicates that there is no phytochemical profile available for this plant. Therefore, this study aims to determine the phytochemical content and pharmacological activity of Schoutenia ovata Korth. stems. The sample in this study is a stem taken from the hills of Tulungagung, East Java, Indonesia. The sample is then dried and made into a coarse powder. The content of chemical elements is analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Furthermore, phytochemical tests are conducted to identify the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, tannins, saponins, and phenols using the LC-MS/MS QTOF method. Pharmacological activities are investigated through a literature study. The Schoutenia ovata Korth. stems contain chemical elements O (48.6%), C (47%), K (2.9%), Ca (0.6%), Al (0.2%), Si (0.2%), P (0.2%), Cl (0.2%), Mg (0.1%). The results of phytochemical tests show that the stem contains alkaloids, flavonoids, and steroids. Based on the content of phytochemical compounds, the stems of Schoutenia ovata Korth. exhibits pharmacological activities, including antidiabetic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anticancer, and wound-healing properties.

Comparative study of UHC implementation in Indonesia and Malaysia: Literature review

Mohammad Afiff Bin Rahim — 2025-10-10

Universal Health Coverage Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a key principle of an equitable health system, ensuring access to healthcare services without financial burden. Indonesia, with its National Health Insurance (JKN), and Malaysia, with its tax-based public healthcare system, have different approaches to implementation. This study compares the implementation of UHC in Indonesia and Malaysia, including the financing system, resource distribution, service coverage, and service quality. The study used a literature review with the PRISMA approach. From the total number of articles found in various databases, titles, abstracts, and inclusion-exclusion criteria were screened, leaving 15 relevant articles for analysis. Indonesia, through JKN, has covered a large portion of the population, but faces disparities in access, unequal distribution of healthcare workers, and high out-of-pocket costs for specialist services. Malaysia has near-universal coverage with subsidized public services and financial protection for poor households, although there is inequality between the public and private sectors. Indonesia needs to improve infrastructure, equitable distribution of healthcare workers, public education regarding active participation, and strengthened program management. Malaysia is advised to strengthen the integration of the public and private sectors and maintain progressive financing to reduce financial risks for poor households.

The effect of zikr therapy on family caregivers anxiety during femur fracture sugery

Dewi Nur Khasanah — 2025-10-11

Fracture surgery is a significant stressor that may trigger anxiety, not only in patients but also in family members waiting during the procedure. Effective anxiety management can be supported through non-pharmacological interventions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect that zikr spiritual treatment has on the anxiety levels of the families of patients who are undergoing surgery to repair a fractured femur. A quasi-experimental strategy, specifically a group pre-test and post-test design that contrasts the intervention group with the control group, is used in this quantitative study design. There were a total of forty-two participants in this study. Of these forty-two participants, twenty-one were assigned to the intervention group, while the other twenty-one were assigned to the control group. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Y (STAI-Y) scale was utilized to assess the degree of anxiety in the intervention and control groups both before to and during the intervention. In the intervention group, zikr therapy was administered for a duration of 10 minutes. The Wilcoxon test results indicated a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) in the intervention group and a p-value of 0.083 (p > 0.05) in the control group. The Mann-Whitney test produced a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), which provided evidence that zikr treatment had a substantial impact on the intervention group and that there was a significant difference in anxiety levels between the control group and the intervention group. Zikr therapy has been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety. These findings indicate that zikr therapy may serve as a valuable non-pharmacological approach to managing anxiety. Further studies are recommended to explore its long-term effects and broader applicability in different clinical contexts.

Overview of knowledge, attitude, gravida and education of pregnant women who suffer from emesis gravidarum by drinking ginger at Romauli Clinic 2025

R. Oktaviance S — 2025-10-17

In early pregnancy, nausea occurs because the hormones estrogen and progesterone increase so that there is also an increase in HCG in the blood. Research Objective: To find out how the knowledge, attitude, gravity and education of pregnant women by drinking Ginger. Research Method: This research is descriptive. The sampling technique is accidental sampling with a total of 30 respondents. Research Results: The results show that 10 pregnant women (33.3%) have good knowledge, 15 pregnant women (50%) are in the good category of knowledge, and 5 pregnant women (16.7%) were in the poor category. In the attitude, the attitude of pregnant women who are positive is 20 people (66.7%) and negative attitudes are 10 people (33.3%). In the Gravida, pregnant women in the primiGravida category are 19 people (63.3%) and the multiGravida category are 11 people (36.7%). In the education of pregnant women, 21 people (70%) are in the high school category and 9 people (30%) in the higher education category. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it shows that pregnant women have sufficient knowledge in overcoming Emesis Gravidarum by consuming Ginger, the majority of pregnant women's attitudes are positive, the majority of pregnant women's Gravida is primiGravida and the majority of pregnant women's education is high school. It is expected that health workers will continue to increase education about Ginger so that Emesis Gravidarum can be reduced.

Effectiveness of topical combination of finasterid and minoxidil in the management of male androgenetic alopesia (systematic review and meta-analysis: Hair density study)

Puguh Riyanto — 2025-10-25

Androgenetic alopecia (AAG) is the most common hair loss problem in men, characterized by miniaturization of hair follicles due to systemic androgens and genetic factors. AAG treatment aims to prevent follicle miniaturization Treatment modalities for AAG include hair transplantation, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), microneedling, and stem cells. Each treatment modality has its benefits and risks. The combination of topical finasteride and topical minoxidil has been shown to improve outcomes in several studies. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical finasteride compared to topical minoxidil in improving hair density among male AAG patients. A systematic literature search method was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, AMED, Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, Web of Knowledge, Web of Science, and WHO ICTRP with the search terms "topical finasteride and minoxidil" 'AND' "male androgenetic alopecia" 'AND' "male pattern hair loss". The literature search was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA 2009 path. Three RCTs were included in the qualitative synthesis and included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that the overall SMD in hair density was 0.751±0.215 (95% CI: 0.331 – 1.162, p<0.001) in favor of topical finasteride and topical minoxidil combination treatment, suggesting that topical finasteride and topical minoxidil combination had much greater effectiveness than control treatments in improving hair density among male patients with AAG.

The effect of peer counseling-based health education in reducinganxiety among students at University Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Calysta Vinella Ardhana — 2025-10-25

Anxiety is a prevalent psychological issue among university students, particularly nursing students who face intense academic and clinical demands. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2024), the global prevalence of anxiety disorders increased by 26% after the COVID-19 pandemic, while national data from Indonesia (Riskesdas, 2019; 2021) reported emotional mental disorders affecting 9.8% of the productive-age population. Unmanaged anxiety can impair concentration, reduce academic performance, and negatively affect mental health. One promising non-pharmacological approach is health education through peer counseling, which utilizes emotional support among students at similar academic levels. This study aimed to analyze the effect of peer counseling-based health education on nursing students’ anxiety levels. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was applied, involving 50 sixth-semester nursing students from the Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires measuring knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) to assess anxiety levels. Statistical analysis was performed using the Paired Sample t-test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed significant improvements in students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors after the peer counseling intervention (p < 0.05). The mean anxiety score decreased from 50.98 to 46.60 (p < 0.05), indicating a substantial reduction in anxiety levels. These findings confirm that peer counseling-based health education effectively enhances student understanding and alleviates anxiety. The study recommends implementing peer counseling as a promotive and preventive strategy to support mental health among nursing students, especially during high-pressure academic periods.

Family support and medication adherence as determinants of patient decision-making in heart failure symptom management

Hanifa Eka Rahmadani — 2025-10-27

Heart failure patients frequently experience difficulties in making decisions related to symptom management. This study aims to determine the relationship between family support and medication management behavior with heart failure patients’ decision-making in managing clinical symptoms. This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design and involves 270 heart failure patients at a regional hospital in Central Java in 2025. The instruments used include the Family Support Scale (FSS) questionnaire, the Adherence to Refill Medication Scale (ARMS), and the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS). The research findings indicate that the majority of respondents received good family support (69.3%), exhibited high medication management behavior (52.6%), and were confident in making decisions regarding symptom management (89.3%). Statistical analysis showed a significant positive correlation between family support and decision-making (ρ = 0.595; p = 0.000), as well as between medication management behavior and decision-making (ρ = 0.126; p = 0.039). Family support and medication management behavior have a significant positive relationship with patients' confidence in making decisions regarding the management of their clinical symptoms. It is recommended to strengthen family support and improve medication management behavior to make it easier for patients to make decisions regarding the management of their disease symptoms. Healthcare professionals should involve family members in patient education and self-care programs, while hospital policymakers can develop family-based interventions to enhance patients’ decision-making confidence.

Comparison of the effectiveness of colloidal oatmeal 1% with petrolatum 100% to repair the skin bars in psoriasis vulgaris: A study of trans-epidermal water loss

Puguh Riyanto — 2025-10-27

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 1% colloidal oatmeal with 100% petrolatum in improving the skin barrier in patients with psoriasis vulgaris. This research method is a randomized, single-blind, pre and posttest design controlled trial involving patients with mild/moderate/severe psoriasis vulgaris at DR. Kariadi Hospital Semarang, Indonesia. The subjects of the study were divided into 2 groups, namely 1% colloidal oatmeal and 100% petrolatum. Evaluation was carried out by comparing the TEWL values between day 0 and day 28. The analysis was carried out using independent T-tests, Mann Whitney, and Wilcoxon. The results were significant if p<0.05 Results Topical administration of 1% colloidal oatmeal or 100% petrolatum could lower the TEWL value in each study group (p<0.001; p=0.006 respectively). ΔTEWL evaluation showed a significantly greater decrease in TEWL in the 1% colloidal oatmeal group (p=0.003). No complaints during use were reported in the 1% colloidal oatmeal group. Conclusion: Topical application of 1% colloidal oatmeal is more effective than 100% petrolatum as a moisturizer in improving the skin barrier in patients with psoriasis vulgaris without complaints.

The relationship between diet and the risk of diabetes mellitus in elementary school children grades 4-6 at Sdn Tasikmadu 1 Malang

Khoirun Nisa Oktafiani — 2025-10-30

The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) among children in Indonesia has shown a significant increase in recent years. The rise in type 2 diabetes is influenced not only by genetic factors but also by unhealthy lifestyles, particularly poor dietary habits. This study aimed to examine the relationship between diet and the risk of diabetes mellitus among elementary school students in grades 4–6 at SDN Tasikmadu 1 Malang. This quantitative research used a cross-sectional design and was conducted in May 2025, involving a sample of 100 students. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The results showed that among children with unhealthy diets, 27 students (46.6%) had a high risk of diabetes, while among those with moderate diets, 18 students (42.9%) had a low risk. Statistical tests showed a significant association between dietary patterns and diabetes risk (χ² = 7.544; p = 0.023), with a linear-by-linear association (χ² = 7.135; p = 0.008). These findings indicate that the less healthy a child’s diet is, the higher their risk of developing early symptoms of diabetes. In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of Diabetes Mellitus among elementary school children.

Addition of black pepper extract as an antibacterial in the manufacture of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) based hydrogel wound dressings

Septi Nanda Yani — 2025-10-30

This study aims to determine the effect of adding black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) extract on the characteristics of a hydrogel wound dressing made from a mixture of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), and citric acid as a crosslinking agent. The manufacturing process was carried out by chemical crosslinking with varying concentrations of CMC (5%, 7.5%, 10% w/v) and black pepper extract (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% v/v). The analysis included FTIR, SEM, swelling degree, water solubility, tensile strength, and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The results showed that the addition of black pepper extract increased antibacterial activity and water absorption (swelling) up to 200–500%, in accordance with the standards for good wound dressings. However, increasing the concentration of black pepper extract tended to decrease water solubility due to its hydrophobic nature. Overall, the PVA/CMC hydrogel with the addition of black pepper extract showed potential as a biocompatible wound dressing with good mechanical properties and antibacterial activity. The gel released 23.12µg/cm²curcumin within 150 minutes.

Strengthening Cross Sectors for Against Hypertension Case Study Posbindu PTM

Muh. Asrul Taufiq Arifuddin — 2025-10-30

The human lifestyle is caused by urbanization, modernization, and globalization which causes non-communicable diseases (PTM). One form of Community-Based Health Efforts (UKBM) that was newly developed by the government was in accordance with WHO recommendations, namely the Integrated Non- Communicable Disease Development Post (Posbindu PTM). This type of research is qualitative with a case study design and descriptive. The research subjects were 22 informants. Data collection is carried out data through in-depth interviews, observations, and document searches. To find out the validity of the data using the source triangulation method. Data analysis was done qualitatively by content analysis method. The results of the study, namely the dissemination of Posbindu PTM in the work area of Tinggimoncong Community Health Center in 2018, the head of the puskesmas invited across sectors, Tinggimoncong district cadres, and principals to attend the Posbindu PTM socialization activities. In the process of implementing Posbindu PTM advocacy in the work area of Tinggimoncong Community Health Center in 2018, there was a strengthening of the local government to the cadres by issuing SK Cadres issued by the sub-district head, village head / village. The conclusion is that the implementation of the Posbindu PTM in the Working Area of Tinggimoncong Health Center has gone as expected.

Factors influencing the utilization of the tetanus toxoid immunization program among pregnant women at terjun public health center, Marelan district

Dina Anggreini — 2025-10-30

Neonatal tetanus remains a significant cause of infant mortality, particularly in developing countries, despite being preventable through Tetanus Toxoid (TT) immunization during pregnancy. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the utilization of TT immunization among pregnant women at Terjun Public Health Center, Marelan District. Using a cross-sectional quantitative approach, data were collected from 46 third-trimester pregnant women through questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using chi-square tests and logistic regression. The results showed that knowledge (p=0.002) and attitude (p=0.001) were significantly associated with TT immunization uptake, while age (p=0.536) and spousal support (p=0.603) were not. Multivariate analysis revealed that attitude was the dominant factor influencing immunization utilization (OR=4.7; p=0.045). Although knowledge had a higher odds ratio (OR=5.59), it did not reach statistical significance (p=0.056). The model explained 38.9% of the variation in immunization status (Nagelkerke R² = 0.389). These findings underscore the importance of promoting positive maternal attitudes and improving knowledge through targeted health education to enhance immunization coverage and prevent neonatal tetanus

Developing healthy food for toddlers based on local purple sweet potato food

Nova Sontry Node Siregar — 2025-10-30

Nutritional issues in toddlers, particularly stunting, are crucial and align with the fourth point of Asta Cita (Association of Indonesians), namely improving the quality of life of the Indonesian people. This condition not only impacts children's height but also their cognitive development, productivity, and the long-term quality of human resources. To address this, innovation is needed to meet the nutritional needs of toddlers through the use of readily available and nutritious local foods. One potential local food that can be utilized is purple sweet potatoes. Purple sweet potatoes contain natural antioxidants (anthocyanins), vitamins A, C, and E, and dietary fiber, which are good for supporting growth and strengthening children's immune systems. This study aims to provide alternative local food ingredients that are highly nutritious and acceptable, readily available, and easy to process by the wider community. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest design on mothers of toddlers. The study variables were knowledge and skills, which were measured twice: before and after the purple sweet potato processing practice. The results showed a significant difference. (2-tailed) at knowledge 0.000 < 0.05 and skills significance value 0.000 < 0.05 then there is a significant difference between knowledge and skills before and after the purple sweet potato processing practice. The conclusion is that the purple sweet potato processing practice is effective in increasing the knowledge and skills of mothers of toddlers. The implication is that similar educational or training programs can be implemented more widely in the community to improve mothers' ability to provide nutritious food for their toddlers

Development and optimization of curcumin transfersomes in gel formulations as an antioxidant

Sella Septiyani Mointi — 2025-10-31

Curcumin, a natural compound with potent antioxidant properties, faces challenges in pharmaceutical use due to its poor water solubility and low bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, curcumin was encapsulated in a transfersome drug delivery system and subsequently incorporated into a gel to enhance topical delivery and improve drug release efficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of phospholipid, Tween 80, and cholesterol ratios on the physicochemical properties of curcumin-loaded transfersomes and to assess the antioxidant activity of the optimized transfersome gel. A Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) using Design Expert software generated 14 formulations varying in the three components. Transfersomes were produced via the thin layer hydration method and analyzed for particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency (%EE). The resulting gel was characterized for pH, viscosity, spreadability, adhesiveness, diffusion behavior using Franz cells, and antioxidant activity through the DPPH assay. Statistical analyses employed ANOVA, Wilcoxon, and T-tests. The optimized formulation containing 700 mg phospholipid, 200 mg Tween 80, and 50 mg cholesterol yielded particles of 134.627 nm, zeta potential –8.924 mV, and 93.656% EE. Antioxidant evaluation showed IC₅₀ values of 24±1.78 ppm (transfersome) and 42±2.5 ppm (gel), both indicating very strong antioxidant activity. The gel released 23.12 µg/cm² curcumin within 150 minutes.

The relationship between psychological responses and pain levels in post-thyroidectomy patients at dr. Iskak General Hospital, Tulungagung

Dina Dahlia — 2025-10-30

Background: Patients undergoing thyroidectomy surgery often experience pain and psychological changes such as anxiety, stress, and depression. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between psychological responses and pain levels in post-thyroidectomy patients at Dr. Iskak Tulungagung Regional General Hospital. Methods: This study used a correlational analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. A sample of 34 patients was selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through interviews using two main instruments: the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) questionnaire to measure psychological responses and the Neck Pain and Disability Scale (NPADS) to measure pain levels within 24 hours after surgery. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rank correlation test. Results: The study showed that the majority of patients experienced severe psychological responses (38.2%) and pain ranging from severe to very severe (26.5%). Statistical tests showed a very strong and significant relationship between psychological responses and pain levels (r = 0.959; p = 0.000). Conclusion: This study contributes to strengthening the biopsychosocial approach in perioperative nursing. Practical implications suggest that psychosocial interventions should be integrated into postoperative pain management.

The relationship between physical activity and the risk of diabetes mellitus in elementary school children (ages 8–12 years)

Rafina Bimantari — 2025-10-30

The rapid advancement of technology and shifts in modern lifestyles have led young children to spend more time indoors engaging with electronic devices, consequently reducing their physical activity levels. Insufficient physical activity during early childhood is considered a potential risk factor for developing Diabetes Mellitus (DM). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity and the risk of DM among elementary school children aged 8–12 years. A cross-sectional quantitative design was employed in May 2025 at SDN Tasikmadu 1 Malang, involving 154 participants within the specified age range. Data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The results indicated that 84.4% of the children demonstrated a moderate level of physical activity, while 15.6% exhibited a high level. Regarding diabetes risk, 43.5% were classified as moderate risk, 37.0% as low risk, and 19.5% as high risk. Statistical analysis revealed no significant association between physical activity and diabetes risk (p = 0.294, p > 0.05). In conclusion, there was no statistically significant relationship between physical activity and DM risk among the studied population. Nevertheless, regular monitoring and the promotion of physical activity remain essential to support overall child health and reduce the likelihood of future metabolic disorders.