Differences in knowledge and attitudes between adolescents about HIV/AIDS, and their implications for targeted interventions
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Apr 2, 2025
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Abstract
This study analyzed the differences in levels of knowledge and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS between adolescent boys and girls and encouraged them towards more targeted interventions. Using a quantitative approach, data was collected through a survey of 300 respondents aged 15–19 years in urban and rural areas. The results show that adolescent girls tend to have a higher level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention compared to adolescent boys. However, positive attitudes towards people with HIV/AIDS are higher in adolescent boys. Factors such as access to information, parental education, and peer influence play a significant role in shaping knowledge and attitudes. Based on these findings, the intended intervention needs to consider gender differences to improve the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS prevention programs. Programs for adolescent boys can be focused on improving basic knowledge, while programs for adolescent girls require the stress of the importance of empathy and stigma reduction.
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How to Cite
Purwanto, E. and Gumilang, L. A. (2025) “Differences in knowledge and attitudes between adolescents about HIV/AIDS, and their implications for targeted interventions”, Science Midwifery, 13(1), pp. 80-84. doi: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i1.1829.
References
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Berek, P. A. L., & Bubu, W. (2019). Hubungan antara umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan dan pekerjaan dengan stigmatisasi terhadap orang dengan hiv/aids di rsud MGR. GABRIELMANEK, SVD ATAMBUA. Jurnal Sahabat Keperawatan, 1(02), 36–43.
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Crowley, T., Weyers, L., Petinger, C., & Tokwe, L. (2024). Digital health interventions for adolescents living with HIV in low-and middle-income countries: A narrative review and logic model. Information Development, 02666669241299768.
Diedricks, V. L. (2022). Reducing HIV-related stigma through arts-based pedagogies in the Life Skills class: an action research approach. North-West University (South Africa).
Gondim, P. S., Souto, N. F., Moreira, C. B., da Cruz, M. E. C., Caetano, F. H. P., & Montesuma, F. G. (2015). Accessibility of adolescents to sources of information on sexual and reproductive health. Journal of Human Growth and Development, 25(1), 50–53.
Handayani, L., & Oktriyedi, F. (2024). PROYEKSI ANGKA KEJADIAN HIV/AIDS SAMPAI DENGAN TAHUN 2033 DI INDONESIA. Jurnal Smart Ankes, 8(2), 23–34.
Harrison, A., Smit, J., Hoffman, S., Nzama, T., Leu, C.-S., Mantell, J., Stein, Z., & Exner, T. (2011). Gender, peer and partner influences on adolescent HIV risk in rural South Africa. Sexual Health, 9(2), 178–186.
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Lestiarini, S., & Sulistyorini, Y. (2020). Perilaku ibu pada pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MPASI) di Kelurahan Pegirian. Jurnal Promkes, 8(1), 1.
Mahardani, P., Merati, K. T., Kumbara, C. I., & Widiana, I. G. R. (2022). Hubungan pengetahuan dan persepsi terhadap perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada remaja di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jurnal Medika Udayana, 11(1), 61–68.
Nurwati, N., & Rusyidi, B. (2019). Pengetahuan Remaja Terhadap Hiv-Aid. Prosiding Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(3), 288.
Parmawati, I., Nisman, W. A., Lismidiati, W., & Mulyani, S. (2020). Upaya Penurunan Aktivitas Seksual Pranikah Melalui Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Berbasis Kesetaraan Gender. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement), 6(1), 38–44.
Piot, P., Bartos, M., Ghys, P. D., Walker, N., & Schwartländer, B. (2001). The global impact of HIV/AIDS. Nature, 410(6831), 968–973.
Rahmanian, F., Simbar, M., Ramezankhani, A., & Zayeri, F. (2014). Gender sensitive STIs/HIV/AIDS prevention policies: A qualitative study. Health, 2014.
Satriawibawa, I. W. E., Wati, K. D. K., & Widiastari, A. A. A. (2018). Penyuluhan efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS pada remaja siswa sekolah menengah atas. Journal Of The Indonesian Medical Association, 68(2), 65–71.
Sugiyono. (2015). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R & D. Alfabeta.
Utomo, B. M. (2024). Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Kejadian Infeksi Menular Seksual Pada Wanita Usia. Jurnal Bidan Pintar, 5(1), 514–522.
Yolanda, R., Kurniadi, A., & Tanumihardja, T. N. (2019). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan sikap remaja terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah di Kecamatan Siberut Selatan, Kepulauan Mentawai tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 10(1), 69–78.
Astuti, M. (2017). Perbedaan Pengetahuan Terkait Pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada Siswa SMP di Pesantren dengan Sekolah Negeri di Kota Bogor. Jurnal Bidan, 3(1), 234039.
Berek, P. A. L., & Bubu, W. (2019). Hubungan antara umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan dan pekerjaan dengan stigmatisasi terhadap orang dengan hiv/aids di rsud MGR. GABRIELMANEK, SVD ATAMBUA. Jurnal Sahabat Keperawatan, 1(02), 36–43.
Butt, L., Morin, J., Numbery, G., Peyon, I., & Goo, A. (2010). Stigma dan HIV/AIDS di wilayah pegunungan papua. Canada: Pusat Studi Kependudukan.
Crowley, T., Weyers, L., Petinger, C., & Tokwe, L. (2024). Digital health interventions for adolescents living with HIV in low-and middle-income countries: A narrative review and logic model. Information Development, 02666669241299768.
Diedricks, V. L. (2022). Reducing HIV-related stigma through arts-based pedagogies in the Life Skills class: an action research approach. North-West University (South Africa).
Gondim, P. S., Souto, N. F., Moreira, C. B., da Cruz, M. E. C., Caetano, F. H. P., & Montesuma, F. G. (2015). Accessibility of adolescents to sources of information on sexual and reproductive health. Journal of Human Growth and Development, 25(1), 50–53.
Handayani, L., & Oktriyedi, F. (2024). PROYEKSI ANGKA KEJADIAN HIV/AIDS SAMPAI DENGAN TAHUN 2033 DI INDONESIA. Jurnal Smart Ankes, 8(2), 23–34.
Harrison, A., Smit, J., Hoffman, S., Nzama, T., Leu, C.-S., Mantell, J., Stein, Z., & Exner, T. (2011). Gender, peer and partner influences on adolescent HIV risk in rural South Africa. Sexual Health, 9(2), 178–186.
Hazarika, I. (2010). Knowledge, attitude, beliefs and practices in HIV/AIDS in India: identifying the gender and rural–urban differences. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 3(10), 821–827.
Imon, P. (2022). Hubungan dukungan keluarga dan stigma dengan kualitas hidup orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Poliklinik Voluntery Counseling Testing (VCT) RSUP M. Djamil Padang tahun 2022. UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SUMATERA BARAT.
Ismail, I. A., Febriyanti, A., Alif, D., Namira, A., Wicaksono, S., Nadeak, R. S., Ramadhan, T. D., Yusral, A., & Ardhana, W. (2022). Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada remaja. International Journal of Academic Health and Medical Research (IJAHMR), 6(5), 46–51.
Jacobi, C. A., Atanga, P. N., Bin, L. K., Fru, A. J. C., Eppel, G., Mbome, V. N., Etonde, H. E. M., Bogner, J. R., & Malfertheiner, P. (2020). “My friend with HIV remains a friend”: HIV/AIDS stigma reduction through education in secondary schools—a pilot project in Buea, Cameroon. Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC), 19, 2325958219900713.
Kirby, D., & Laris, B. A. (2009). Effective curriculum‐based sex and STD/HIV education programs for adolescents. Child Development Perspectives, 3(1), 21–29.
Kristiani, S. K. M., Arifin, S., & Adi Nugroho, S. K. M. (2025). DUKUNGAN DAN HARAPAN: KUNCI PENCEGAHAN HIV-AIDS. Uwais Inspirasi Indonesia.
Lestiarini, S., & Sulistyorini, Y. (2020). Perilaku ibu pada pemberian makanan pendamping ASI (MPASI) di Kelurahan Pegirian. Jurnal Promkes, 8(1), 1.
Mahardani, P., Merati, K. T., Kumbara, C. I., & Widiana, I. G. R. (2022). Hubungan pengetahuan dan persepsi terhadap perilaku pencegahan HIV/AIDS pada remaja di Sekolah Menengah Atas. Jurnal Medika Udayana, 11(1), 61–68.
Nurwati, N., & Rusyidi, B. (2019). Pengetahuan Remaja Terhadap Hiv-Aid. Prosiding Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 5(3), 288.
Parmawati, I., Nisman, W. A., Lismidiati, W., & Mulyani, S. (2020). Upaya Penurunan Aktivitas Seksual Pranikah Melalui Pendidikan Kesehatan Reproduksi Berbasis Kesetaraan Gender. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement), 6(1), 38–44.
Piot, P., Bartos, M., Ghys, P. D., Walker, N., & Schwartländer, B. (2001). The global impact of HIV/AIDS. Nature, 410(6831), 968–973.
Rahmanian, F., Simbar, M., Ramezankhani, A., & Zayeri, F. (2014). Gender sensitive STIs/HIV/AIDS prevention policies: A qualitative study. Health, 2014.
Satriawibawa, I. W. E., Wati, K. D. K., & Widiastari, A. A. A. (2018). Penyuluhan efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS pada remaja siswa sekolah menengah atas. Journal Of The Indonesian Medical Association, 68(2), 65–71.
Sugiyono. (2015). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Kualitatif dan R & D. Alfabeta.
Utomo, B. M. (2024). Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Kejadian Infeksi Menular Seksual Pada Wanita Usia. Jurnal Bidan Pintar, 5(1), 514–522.
Yolanda, R., Kurniadi, A., & Tanumihardja, T. N. (2019). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan sikap remaja terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah di Kecamatan Siberut Selatan, Kepulauan Mentawai tahun 2018. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 10(1), 69–78.