Logistic regression analysis to identify factors contributing to stunting cases
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Jun 26, 2025
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Abstract
Stunting is a condition characterized by impaired growth and development in children, caused by various factors such as poor nutrition, infections, and a lack of psychosocial stimulation. Indonesia is one of the Asian countries with a high prevalence of stunting. The increasing stunting rates have raised concerns about the nation's future generation. The aim of this study is to identify the factors contributing to stunting cases, particularly in Karangtengah Village, Sumberjo Village, Kumpulrejo Village, Kutoharjo Village, Krajankulon Village, and Sarirejo Village in Kaliwungu Subdistrict, Kendal Regency, using a logistic regression approach. The variables in this study include stunting status as the dependent variable, while the independent variables are gender, low birth weight (LBW), child disease history, marital status, maternal education, maternal height, pregnancy status, ANC history, maternal phone usage duration, maternal anemia history, child intake and nutrition, and hygiene and environmental conditions. Based on the analysis results, it was found that only the duration of maternal phone usage significantly influenced the occurrence of stunting in children, with a tendency value of 0.071.
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How to Cite
Khikmah, L. and Yulianto, S. (2025) “Logistic regression analysis to identify factors contributing to stunting cases”, Science Midwifery, 13(2), pp. 605-613. doi: 10.35335/midwifery.v13i2.1990.
References
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Black, R. E., Victora, C. G., Walker, S. P., Bhutta, Z. A., Christian, P., De Onis, M., Ezzati, M., Grantham-Mcgregor, S., Katz, J., Martorell, R., & Uauy, R. (2013). Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet, 382(9890), 427–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60937-X
Cameron, L., Chase, C., Haque, S., Joseph, G., Pinto, R., & Wang, Q. (2021). Childhood stunting and cognitive effects of water and sanitation in Indonesia. Economics and Human Biology, 40(September 2020), 100944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2020.100944
Dwi, R., Risdianti, C., & Khikmah, L. (2024). Binary Logistic Regression Analysis on Variables That Influence Early Marriage in East Java Province. 05(01).
Hamal, D. K., Nursyarofah, N., & Qualifa, A. (2021). Jenis Kelamin Dan Panjang Badan Lahir Sebagai Faktor Kejadian Stunting Di Kabupaten Majene Provinsi Sulawesi Barat Tahun 2018 (Analisis Data Riskesdas 2018). ARKESMAS (Arsip Kesehatan Masyarakat), 6(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.22236/arkesmas.v6i2.7685
Hermawan, D., Kurniasari, D., Sandayanti, V., Sari, N., & Listyaningsih, E. (2023). Relationships of deworming drug consumption and animal protein intake with stunting. Parasite Epidemiology and Control, 23(September), e00326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00326
IFPRI. (2016). Ending Malnutrition by 2030. 1–4.
Ika Purnamasari, Fitri Widiyati, M. S. (2022). Analisis Faktor Risiko yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat UNSIQ, 9(1), 48–56. file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/2342-Article Text-5952-1-10-20220131.pdf
Ismawati, R., Soeyonoa, R. D., Romadhoni, I. F., & Dwijayanti, I. (2020). Nutrition intake and causative factor of stunting among children aged under-5 years in Lamongan city. Enfermeria Clinica, 30(August 2018), 71–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.10.043
Knitter, B., & Zemp, M. (2020). Digital Family Life: A Systematic Review of the Impact of Parental Smartphone Use on Parent-Child Interactions. Digital Psychology, 1(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.24989/dp.v1i1.1809
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Lobo, W. I., Talahatu, A. H., & Riwu, R. R. (2019). Faktor Penentu Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Alak Kota Kupang. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat, 1(2), 59–67. https://doi.org/10.35508/mkm.v1i2.1953
McDaniel, B. T., & Coyne, S. M. (2016). Technology interference in the parenting of young children: Implications for mothers’ perceptions of coparenting. Social Science Journal, 53(4), 435–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2016.04.010
Nabuasa, C. D. (2024). Hubungan Riwayat Pola Asuh, Pola Makan, Asupan Zat Gizi Terhadap Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia 24 –59 Bulan di Kecamatan Biboki Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jurnal PAZIH_Pergizi Pangan DPD NTT, 13(1), 58–74.
Oktavianisya, N., Sumarni, S., & Aliftitah, S. (2021). Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 2-5 Tahun Di Kepulauan Mandangin. Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.24252/kesehatan.v14i1.15498
Pibriyanti, K., Suryono, S., & Luthfi, C. (2019). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Slogohimo Kabupaten Wonogiri. Darussalam Nutrition Journal, 3(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.21111/dnj.v3i2.3398
Priyono, P. (2020). Strategi Percepatan Penurunan Stunting Perdesaan (Studi Kasus Pendampingan Aksi Cegah Stunting di Desa Banyumundu, Kabupaten Pandeglang). Jurnal Good Governance, 16(2), 149–174. https://doi.org/10.32834/gg.v16i2.198
Purnamasari, F., Matene, D. B., & Android, A. (2023). Pengaruh Sosialisasi Penerapan Aplikasi Android Pemantauan Tumbuh Kembang Anak Sebagai Pencegahan Stunting Pada Anak Balita Di Dusun Kampala Desa Bonto Matene Maros. 240–247.
Putri, A. P., & Rong, J. R. (2021). Parenting functioning in stunting management: A concept analysis. Journal of Public Health Research, 10(2), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2160
Rahayu Z, S. P., Tri Mutya, M. F., Rahmi, & Muliati, R. (2022). Pengaruh Gadget terhadap Tumbuh Kembang Anak pada Masa Early Childhood. Psyche 165 Journal, 15(4), 140–145. https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v15i4.201
Ratnawati Purwitaningtyas, & Intan Azkia Paramitha. (2024). Hubungan Riwayat Anemia Dan Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) Ibu Pada Saat Hamil Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Buaran Tahun 2023. CENDEKIA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan, 4(2), 115–123.
Rohman, M. H. M., Zami, F. Al, Hadi, H. P., & Arifin, Z. (2025). Analysis of Stunting Risk Factors Using K- Means Clustering and PCA in Sambas Regency , Indonesia. 9(1), 65–77.
Saputri, R. A., & Tumangger, J. (2019). Hulu-Hilir Penanggulangan Stunting Di Indonesia. Journal of Political Issues, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.33019/jpi.v1i1.2
Supadmi, S., Laksono, A. D., Kusumawardani, H. D., Ashar, H., Nursafingi, A., Kusrini, I., & Musoddaq, M. A. (2024). Factor related to stunting of children under two years with working mothers in Indonesia. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 26(May 2023), 101538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101538
Suryaningsih, S., Mamlukah, M., Iswarawanti, D. N., & Suparman, R. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Uptd Puskesmas Sangkali Kota Tasikmalaya Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2021. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Husada: Health Sciences Journal, 13(02), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.34305/jikbh.v13i02.556
Torlesse, H., Cronin, A. A., Sebayang, S. K., & Nandy, R. (2016). Determinants of stunting in Indonesian children: Evidence from a cross-sectional survey indicate a prominent role for the water, sanitation and hygiene sector in stunting reduction. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3339-8
Utami, R. A., Setiawan, A., & Fitriyani, P. (2019). Identifying causal risk factors for stunting in children under five years of age in South Jakarta, Indonesia. Enfermeria Clinica, 29(xx), 606–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.093
Wardita, Y., Suprayitno, E., & Kurniyati, E. M. (2021). Determinan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita. Journal Of Health Science (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan), 6(1), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.24929/jik.v6i1.1347
Agustina, S., Agoestanto, A., & Hendikawati, P. (2017). Klasifikasi Tingkat Kesejahteraan Keluarga Jawa Tengah Tahun 2015 Menggunakan Metode Regresi Logistik Ordinal. Unnes Journal of Mathematics, 6(1), 59–69. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/ujm/article/view/11678
Anggryni, M., Mardiah, W., Hermayanti, Y., Rakhmawati, W., Ramdhanie, G. G., & Mediani, H. S. (2021). Faktor Pemberian Nutrisi Masa Golden Age dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Negara Berkembang. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2), 1764–1776. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.967
Black, R. E., Victora, C. G., Walker, S. P., Bhutta, Z. A., Christian, P., De Onis, M., Ezzati, M., Grantham-Mcgregor, S., Katz, J., Martorell, R., & Uauy, R. (2013). Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. The Lancet, 382(9890), 427–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60937-X
Cameron, L., Chase, C., Haque, S., Joseph, G., Pinto, R., & Wang, Q. (2021). Childhood stunting and cognitive effects of water and sanitation in Indonesia. Economics and Human Biology, 40(September 2020), 100944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2020.100944
Dwi, R., Risdianti, C., & Khikmah, L. (2024). Binary Logistic Regression Analysis on Variables That Influence Early Marriage in East Java Province. 05(01).
Hamal, D. K., Nursyarofah, N., & Qualifa, A. (2021). Jenis Kelamin Dan Panjang Badan Lahir Sebagai Faktor Kejadian Stunting Di Kabupaten Majene Provinsi Sulawesi Barat Tahun 2018 (Analisis Data Riskesdas 2018). ARKESMAS (Arsip Kesehatan Masyarakat), 6(2), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.22236/arkesmas.v6i2.7685
Hermawan, D., Kurniasari, D., Sandayanti, V., Sari, N., & Listyaningsih, E. (2023). Relationships of deworming drug consumption and animal protein intake with stunting. Parasite Epidemiology and Control, 23(September), e00326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parepi.2023.e00326
IFPRI. (2016). Ending Malnutrition by 2030. 1–4.
Ika Purnamasari, Fitri Widiyati, M. S. (2022). Analisis Faktor Risiko yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita. Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat UNSIQ, 9(1), 48–56. file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/2342-Article Text-5952-1-10-20220131.pdf
Ismawati, R., Soeyonoa, R. D., Romadhoni, I. F., & Dwijayanti, I. (2020). Nutrition intake and causative factor of stunting among children aged under-5 years in Lamongan city. Enfermeria Clinica, 30(August 2018), 71–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.10.043
Knitter, B., & Zemp, M. (2020). Digital Family Life: A Systematic Review of the Impact of Parental Smartphone Use on Parent-Child Interactions. Digital Psychology, 1(1), 29–43. https://doi.org/10.24989/dp.v1i1.1809
Kutnadi. (2024). Pemkab Batang: Cakupan pengukuran stunting capai 99 persen. Https://Www.Antaranews.Com/.
Lobo, W. I., Talahatu, A. H., & Riwu, R. R. (2019). Faktor Penentu Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Alak Kota Kupang. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat, 1(2), 59–67. https://doi.org/10.35508/mkm.v1i2.1953
McDaniel, B. T., & Coyne, S. M. (2016). Technology interference in the parenting of young children: Implications for mothers’ perceptions of coparenting. Social Science Journal, 53(4), 435–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2016.04.010
Nabuasa, C. D. (2024). Hubungan Riwayat Pola Asuh, Pola Makan, Asupan Zat Gizi Terhadap Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia 24 –59 Bulan di Kecamatan Biboki Utara Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Jurnal PAZIH_Pergizi Pangan DPD NTT, 13(1), 58–74.
Oktavianisya, N., Sumarni, S., & Aliftitah, S. (2021). Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 2-5 Tahun Di Kepulauan Mandangin. Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.24252/kesehatan.v14i1.15498
Pibriyanti, K., Suryono, S., & Luthfi, C. (2019). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Slogohimo Kabupaten Wonogiri. Darussalam Nutrition Journal, 3(2), 1. https://doi.org/10.21111/dnj.v3i2.3398
Priyono, P. (2020). Strategi Percepatan Penurunan Stunting Perdesaan (Studi Kasus Pendampingan Aksi Cegah Stunting di Desa Banyumundu, Kabupaten Pandeglang). Jurnal Good Governance, 16(2), 149–174. https://doi.org/10.32834/gg.v16i2.198
Purnamasari, F., Matene, D. B., & Android, A. (2023). Pengaruh Sosialisasi Penerapan Aplikasi Android Pemantauan Tumbuh Kembang Anak Sebagai Pencegahan Stunting Pada Anak Balita Di Dusun Kampala Desa Bonto Matene Maros. 240–247.
Putri, A. P., & Rong, J. R. (2021). Parenting functioning in stunting management: A concept analysis. Journal of Public Health Research, 10(2), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2160
Rahayu Z, S. P., Tri Mutya, M. F., Rahmi, & Muliati, R. (2022). Pengaruh Gadget terhadap Tumbuh Kembang Anak pada Masa Early Childhood. Psyche 165 Journal, 15(4), 140–145. https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v15i4.201
Ratnawati Purwitaningtyas, & Intan Azkia Paramitha. (2024). Hubungan Riwayat Anemia Dan Kekurangan Energi Kronis (KEK) Ibu Pada Saat Hamil Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Buaran Tahun 2023. CENDEKIA : Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan, 4(2), 115–123.
Rohman, M. H. M., Zami, F. Al, Hadi, H. P., & Arifin, Z. (2025). Analysis of Stunting Risk Factors Using K- Means Clustering and PCA in Sambas Regency , Indonesia. 9(1), 65–77.
Saputri, R. A., & Tumangger, J. (2019). Hulu-Hilir Penanggulangan Stunting Di Indonesia. Journal of Political Issues, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.33019/jpi.v1i1.2
Supadmi, S., Laksono, A. D., Kusumawardani, H. D., Ashar, H., Nursafingi, A., Kusrini, I., & Musoddaq, M. A. (2024). Factor related to stunting of children under two years with working mothers in Indonesia. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, 26(May 2023), 101538. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101538
Suryaningsih, S., Mamlukah, M., Iswarawanti, D. N., & Suparman, R. (2022). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Di Wilayah Kerja Uptd Puskesmas Sangkali Kota Tasikmalaya Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Tahun 2021. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Husada: Health Sciences Journal, 13(02), 157–178. https://doi.org/10.34305/jikbh.v13i02.556
Torlesse, H., Cronin, A. A., Sebayang, S. K., & Nandy, R. (2016). Determinants of stunting in Indonesian children: Evidence from a cross-sectional survey indicate a prominent role for the water, sanitation and hygiene sector in stunting reduction. BMC Public Health, 16(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-016-3339-8
Utami, R. A., Setiawan, A., & Fitriyani, P. (2019). Identifying causal risk factors for stunting in children under five years of age in South Jakarta, Indonesia. Enfermeria Clinica, 29(xx), 606–611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.093
Wardita, Y., Suprayitno, E., & Kurniyati, E. M. (2021). Determinan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita. Journal Of Health Science (Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan), 6(1), 7–12. https://doi.org/10.24929/jik.v6i1.1347