FACTORS RELATED TO STUNTING IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN, BUBON DISTRICT, WEST ACEH REGENCY
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Apr 30, 2022
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Abstract
Stunting is a chronic nutritional deficiency caused by inadequate nutritional intake in the long term, and will affect the child's height. Children who experience stunting from an early age experience mental, psychomotor and intelligence disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with stunting in preschool children in Kindergarten, Bubon District, West Aceh Regency. The design of this research uses analytical survey design, with a cross sectional approach. The population in this study were mothers who had pre-school age children totaling 57 people using total sampling. The research was conducted in August 2020 in Kindergarten in Bubon District, West Aceh Regency, namely Permata Hati Kindergarten, State 3 Bubon Kindergarten and Bungong Melati Kindergarten. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Methods Data analysis is univariate using frequency distribution and bivariate with Chi-Square test. The results of the chi square test showed that gender (0.003), home environment (0.000), family economy (0.038), breastfeeding (0.008), birth weight (0.000) were associated with stunting in preschool children. Respondents can provide food intake in sufficient quantity, quality and maintain children's health so that they can achieve cath-up growth.
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How to Cite
Zakiyah, Z., Tiara, A., Lestari, F. and Andriani, R. (2022) “FACTORS RELATED TO STUNTING IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN IN KINDERGARTEN, BUBON DISTRICT, WEST ACEH REGENCY ”, Science Midwifery, 10(2), pp. 1111-1117. Available at: https://midwifery.iocspublisher.org/index.php/midwifery/article/view/442 (Accessed: 12November2025).
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10. Rakotomanana H, Gates GE, Hildebrand D, Stoecker BJ. Determinants of stunting in children under 5 years in Madagascar. Matern Child Nutr. 2017;13(4).
11. Vilcins D, Sly PD, Jagals P. Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Child Stunting: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Ann Glob Heal. 2018;84(4):551–62.
12. Beal T, Le DT, Trinh TH, Burra DD, Huynh T, Duong TT, et al. Child stunting is associated with child, maternal, and environmental factors in Vietnam. Matern Child Nutr. 2019;15(4).
13. Rengma MS, Bose K, Mondal N. Socio-economic and demographic correlates of stunting among adolescents of Assam, North- east India. Anthropol Rev. 2016;79(4):409–25.
14. Sugiyanto J, Raharjo SS, Dewi YLR. The Effects of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Contextual Factor of Village on Stunting in Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. J Epidemiol Public Heal. 2019;4(3):222–33.
15. Anisa P. Low Birth Weight As the Predictors of Stunting in Children under Five Years in Teluknaga Sub District Province of Banten 2015. KnE Life Sci. 2019;4(10):284.
16. Aryastami NK, Shankar A, Kusumawardani N, Besral B, Jahari AB, Achadi E. Low birth weight was the most dominant predictor associated with stunting among children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia. BMC Nutr. 2017;3(1):1–6.
17. Amin NA, Julia M. Faktor sosiodemografi dan tinggi badan orang tua serta hubungannya dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-23 bulan. J Gizi dan Diet Indones (Indonesian J Nutr Diet. 2016;2(3):170.
18. Kartasapoetra, Marsetto. Pedoman Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2016.
19. Christin Angelina F., Agung Aji Perdana H. Faktor Kejadian Stunting Balita Berusia 6-23 Bulan Di Provinsi Lampung. 2018;7:127–33.
20. Hamal DK, Nursyarofah N, Qualifa A. Jenis Kelamin dan Panjang Badan Lahir sebagai Faktor Kejadian Stunting di Kabupaten Majenen Provinsi Sulawesi Barat Tahun 2018 ( Analisis Data Riskesdas 2018 ). 2021;6:1–7.
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22. Tasnim T, Dasvarma G, Mwanri L. Housing conditions contribute to underweight in children: An example from rural villages in southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. J Prev Med Public Heal. 2017;50(5):328–35.
23. Rahayu RM, Pamungkasari EP, Wekadigunawan C. The Biopsychosocial Determinants of Stunting and Wasting in Children Aged 12-48 Months. J Matern Child Heal. 2018;03(02):105–18.
24. Bishwakarma R, Vanneman RD. Spatial inequality in child nutrition : Implications of regional context and individual/household composition. Disertasi Univ Maryland, Coll Park [Internet]. 2011;119–40. Available from: http://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/handle/1903/11683/Bishwakarma_umd_0117E_12081.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
25. Khoirun Ni’mah SRN. Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita. Media Gizi Indones. 2015;10(1):13–9.
26. Aridiyah FO, Rohmawati N, Ririanty M. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Balita di Wilayah Pedesaan dan Perkotaan (The Factors Affecting Stunting on Toddlers in Rural and Urban Areas). e-Jurnal Pustaka Kesehat. 2015;
27. Septikasari M. Status gizi anak dan faktor yang mempengaruhi. Yogyakarta: UNY Press; 2018.
28. Lestari W, Margawati A, Rahfiludin Z. Risk factors for stunting in children aged 6-24 months in the sub-district of Penanggalan, Subulussalam, Aceh Province. J Gizi Indones (The Indones J Nutr [Internet]. 2014;3(1):37–45. Available from: https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jgi/article/view/8752/7081
29. Larasati DA, Nindya TS, Arief YS. Hubungan antara Kehamilan Remaja dan Riwayat Pemberian ASI Dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pujon Kabupaten Malang. Amerta Nutr. 2018;2(4):392.
30. Blake RA, Park S, Baltazar P, Ayaso EB, Monterde DBS, Acosta LP, et al. LBW and SGA impact longitudinal growth and nutritional status of Filipino infants. PLoS One. 2016;
31. Rachmi CN, Agho KE, Li M, Baur LA. Stunting, underweight and overweight in children aged 2.0-4.9 years in Indonesia: Prevalence trends and associated risk factors. PLoS One. 2016;
32. Zahriany AI. 12-60 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TANJUNG LANGKAT TAHUN 2017 The Effect of LBW on Stunting in Children Age 12-60 Months in Puskesmas Working Area Tanjung Langkat 2017 Dosen Prodi D-III Kebidanan , Akademi Kebidanan Kharisma Husada. J Ris Hesti Medan. 2017;2(2):129–41.
2. Indonesia SWPR. 1000 Kabupaten/Kota Prioritas untuk Intervensi Anak Kerdil (Stunting). TNP2K. 2017;
3. Septikasari M. Status gizi anak dan faktor yang mempengaruhi. Yogyakarta: UNY Press; 2018.
4. Ohyver M, Moniaga J V., Yunidwi KR, Setiawan MI. Logistic Regression and Growth Charts to Determine Children Nutritional and Stunting Status: A Review. In: Procedia Computer Science. Elsevier B.V.; 2017. p. 232–41.
5. Sekretariat KNR. Special Index for Handling Stunting 2018-2019 - Stunting. Kementerian Sekretariat Negara RI. 2020.
6. Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 14. Pergub_14_2019_tentang_Pencegahan_dan_Penanganan_Stunting.pdf. 2019.
7. Candra MKes(Epid) DA. Pencegahan dan Penanggulangan Stunting. Epidemiologi Stunting. 2020. 1–53 p.
8. Oot L, Sethuraman K, Ross J, Diets AES. Effect of Chronic Malnutrition ( Stunting ) on Learning Ability , a Measure of Human Capital : A Model in PROFILES for Country-Level Advocacy. Tech Brief, Food Nutr Tech Assist III Proj. 2016;(February):1–8.
9. Mugianti S, Mulyadi A, Anam AK, Najah ZL. Faktor Penyebab Anak Stunting Usia 25-60 Bulan di Kecamatan Sukorejo Kota Blitar. J Ners dan Kebidanan (Journal Ners Midwifery). 2018;5(3):268–78.
10. Rakotomanana H, Gates GE, Hildebrand D, Stoecker BJ. Determinants of stunting in children under 5 years in Madagascar. Matern Child Nutr. 2017;13(4).
11. Vilcins D, Sly PD, Jagals P. Environmental Risk Factors Associated with Child Stunting: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Ann Glob Heal. 2018;84(4):551–62.
12. Beal T, Le DT, Trinh TH, Burra DD, Huynh T, Duong TT, et al. Child stunting is associated with child, maternal, and environmental factors in Vietnam. Matern Child Nutr. 2019;15(4).
13. Rengma MS, Bose K, Mondal N. Socio-economic and demographic correlates of stunting among adolescents of Assam, North- east India. Anthropol Rev. 2016;79(4):409–25.
14. Sugiyanto J, Raharjo SS, Dewi YLR. The Effects of Exclusive Breastfeeding and Contextual Factor of Village on Stunting in Bontang, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. J Epidemiol Public Heal. 2019;4(3):222–33.
15. Anisa P. Low Birth Weight As the Predictors of Stunting in Children under Five Years in Teluknaga Sub District Province of Banten 2015. KnE Life Sci. 2019;4(10):284.
16. Aryastami NK, Shankar A, Kusumawardani N, Besral B, Jahari AB, Achadi E. Low birth weight was the most dominant predictor associated with stunting among children aged 12-23 months in Indonesia. BMC Nutr. 2017;3(1):1–6.
17. Amin NA, Julia M. Faktor sosiodemografi dan tinggi badan orang tua serta hubungannya dengan kejadian stunting pada balita usia 6-23 bulan. J Gizi dan Diet Indones (Indonesian J Nutr Diet. 2016;2(3):170.
18. Kartasapoetra, Marsetto. Pedoman Gizi Seimbang. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama; 2016.
19. Christin Angelina F., Agung Aji Perdana H. Faktor Kejadian Stunting Balita Berusia 6-23 Bulan Di Provinsi Lampung. 2018;7:127–33.
20. Hamal DK, Nursyarofah N, Qualifa A. Jenis Kelamin dan Panjang Badan Lahir sebagai Faktor Kejadian Stunting di Kabupaten Majenen Provinsi Sulawesi Barat Tahun 2018 ( Analisis Data Riskesdas 2018 ). 2021;6:1–7.
21. Natalia P, Tri S. Sanitasi Lingkungan Yang Tidak Baik Mempengaruhi Status Gizi Pada Balita. J Stikes [Internet]. 2013;6(1):74–83. Available from: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjGp4_awdruAhWB63MBHfKkDVcQFjAAegQIARAC&url=https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/210285-none.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2IIEDqdCn9eMU1psYMdSDB
22. Tasnim T, Dasvarma G, Mwanri L. Housing conditions contribute to underweight in children: An example from rural villages in southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. J Prev Med Public Heal. 2017;50(5):328–35.
23. Rahayu RM, Pamungkasari EP, Wekadigunawan C. The Biopsychosocial Determinants of Stunting and Wasting in Children Aged 12-48 Months. J Matern Child Heal. 2018;03(02):105–18.
24. Bishwakarma R, Vanneman RD. Spatial inequality in child nutrition : Implications of regional context and individual/household composition. Disertasi Univ Maryland, Coll Park [Internet]. 2011;119–40. Available from: http://drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/handle/1903/11683/Bishwakarma_umd_0117E_12081.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
25. Khoirun Ni’mah SRN. Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita. Media Gizi Indones. 2015;10(1):13–9.
26. Aridiyah FO, Rohmawati N, Ririanty M. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Balita di Wilayah Pedesaan dan Perkotaan (The Factors Affecting Stunting on Toddlers in Rural and Urban Areas). e-Jurnal Pustaka Kesehat. 2015;
27. Septikasari M. Status gizi anak dan faktor yang mempengaruhi. Yogyakarta: UNY Press; 2018.
28. Lestari W, Margawati A, Rahfiludin Z. Risk factors for stunting in children aged 6-24 months in the sub-district of Penanggalan, Subulussalam, Aceh Province. J Gizi Indones (The Indones J Nutr [Internet]. 2014;3(1):37–45. Available from: https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jgi/article/view/8752/7081
29. Larasati DA, Nindya TS, Arief YS. Hubungan antara Kehamilan Remaja dan Riwayat Pemberian ASI Dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pujon Kabupaten Malang. Amerta Nutr. 2018;2(4):392.
30. Blake RA, Park S, Baltazar P, Ayaso EB, Monterde DBS, Acosta LP, et al. LBW and SGA impact longitudinal growth and nutritional status of Filipino infants. PLoS One. 2016;
31. Rachmi CN, Agho KE, Li M, Baur LA. Stunting, underweight and overweight in children aged 2.0-4.9 years in Indonesia: Prevalence trends and associated risk factors. PLoS One. 2016;
32. Zahriany AI. 12-60 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS TANJUNG LANGKAT TAHUN 2017 The Effect of LBW on Stunting in Children Age 12-60 Months in Puskesmas Working Area Tanjung Langkat 2017 Dosen Prodi D-III Kebidanan , Akademi Kebidanan Kharisma Husada. J Ris Hesti Medan. 2017;2(2):129–41.