Determinants influencing healthcare workers' anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic at Cut Nyak Dhien Regional General Hospital, West Aceh
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Mar 26, 2024
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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on society, particularly on healthcare professionals who have been at the forefront of the pandemic response. They have faced a high risk of virus exposure and have been burdened with extraordinary responsibilities in saving lives. Since the onset of the pandemic until February 2022, thousands of healthcare workers have been exposed to the virus, and some have even lost their lives. Therefore, this study was conducted to understand the factors influencing the level of anxiety among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research employed a cross-sectional survey approach and was conducted at Cut Nyak Dhien Regional General Hospital, West Aceh Regency, in November 2021. The study population consisted of 396 healthcare workers, with a sample of 304 healthcare workers selected using purposive sampling. Data collected were analyzed using logistic regression. The findings revealed that the majority of healthcare workers at Cut Nyak Dhien Hospital experienced high levels of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, with 72.37% experiencing panic anxiety, while 27.63% experienced non-panic anxiety. Significant factors influencing anxiety levels included family support, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.1 and a p-value of 0.017, sufficient knowledge with an OR of 0.5 and a p-value of 0.084, and adequate provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) with an OR of 2.1 and a p-value of 0.026. However, there was no significant relationship between anxiety levels and variables such as age, profession, marital status, highest education level, and comorbid conditions.
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How to Cite
Tari, N. I., Hidayat, M., Zakaria, R., Maidar, M. and Abdullah, A. (2024) “Determinants influencing healthcare workers’ anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic at Cut Nyak Dhien Regional General Hospital, West Aceh”, Science Midwifery, 12(1), pp. 226-235. doi: 10.35335/midwifery.v12i1.1431.
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Liu, C. Y., Yang, Y. Z., Zhang, X. M., Xu, X., Dou, Q. L., Zhang, W. W., & Cheng, A. S. K. (2020). The prevalence and influencing factors in anxiety in medical workers fighting COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional survey. Epidemiology & Infection, 148, e98. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268820001107
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Mohapatra, R. K., Pintilie, L., Kandi, V., Sarangi, A. K., Das, D., Sahu, R., & Perekhoda, L. (2020). The recent challenges of highly contagious COVID-19, causing respiratory infections: Symptoms, diagnosis, transmission, possible vaccines, animal models, and immunotherapy. Chemical Biology & Drug Design, 96(5), 1187–1208. https://doi.org/10.1111/CBDD.13761
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Nasus, E., Tedy Tulak, G., Sains dan Teknologi, F., & Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, U. (2021). TINGKAT KECEMASAN PETUGAS KESEHATAN MENJALANI RAPID TEST MENDETEKSI DINI COVID 19. Jurnal Endurance, 6(1), 94–102. https://doi.org/10.22216/JEN.V6I1.144
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Priscilla, J., & Lestari, P. (2020). Model Komunikasi Krisis Pelayanan Pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 17(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.31315/JIK.V17I1.3509
Psikologis dalam Memberikan Perawatan dan Layanan Kesehatan Pasien COVID-, D., Tenaga Profesional Kesehatan Lilin Rosyanti, pada, Hadi, I., Keperawatan, J., & Kemenkes Kendari, P. (2020). Dampak Psikologis dalam Memberikan Perawatan dan Layanan Kesehatan Pasien COVID-19 pada Tenaga Profesional Kesehatan. Health Information : Jurnal Penelitian, 12(1), 107–130. https://doi.org/10.36990/hijp.vi.191
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Suresh, R., Alam, A., & Karkossa, Z. (2021). Using Peer Support to Strengthen Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYT.2021.714181/FULL
Tiara, R., 1, D., Arumsari, W., & Rohmah, S. (2021). Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Pencegahan COVID-19 pada Pedagang di Pasar Sampangan Kota Semarang. Indonesian Journal of Health Community, 2(1), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.31331/IJHECO.V2I1.1631
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World Health Organization Declared a Pandemic Public Health Menace: A Systematic Review of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 “COVID-19” by Nadia Jebril :: SSRN. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2023, from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3566298
Zhang, Y., Xie, S., Wang, P., Wang, G., Zhang, L., Cao, X., Wu, W., Bian, Y., Huang, F., Luo, N., Luo, M., & Xiao, Q. (2020). Factors Influencing Mental Health of Medical Workers During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 550006. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2020.00491/BIBTEX
Zhu, J., Sun, L., Zhang, L., Wang, H., Fan, A., Yang, B., Li, W., & Xiao, S. (2020). Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in the First-Line Medical Staff Fighting Against COVID-19 in Gansu. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 540480. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYT.2020.00386/BIBTEX
Analisis Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Tingkat Kecemasan Tenaga Kesehatan Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Covid-19 di Puskesmas Perawatan Geser Seram Timur | Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2023, from https://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/2275
Anderson, E. L., Turnham, P., Griffin, J. R., & Clarke, C. C. (2020). Consideration of the Aerosol Transmission for COVID-19 and Public Health. Risk Analysis, 40(5), 902–907. https://doi.org/10.1111/RISA.13500
Apriyanti, F., Afiyanti, Y., & Firdaus, S. (2022). Analisis Hubungan Beban Kerja dengan Kondisi Psikologis Perawat Relawan Covid-19. Syntax Idea, 4(1), 97–107. https://doi.org/10.46799/SYNTAX-IDEA.V4I1.1734
Hacimusalar, Y., Kahve, A. C., Yasar, A. B., & Aydin, M. S. (2020). Anxiety and hopelessness levels in COVID-19 pandemic: A comparative study of healthcare professionals and other community sample in Turkey. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 129, 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPSYCHIRES.2020.07.024
Halawa, A. (2021). HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DAN STRATEGI PENANGANAN KECEMASAN PADA PERAWAT YANG MERAWAT PASIEN PENDERITA COVID-19. Jurnal Keperawatan, 10(1), 18–28. https://doi.org/10.47560/KEP.V10I1.267
Harapan, H., Itoh, N., Yufika, A., Winardi, W., Keam, S., Te, H., Megawati, D., Hayati, Z., Wagner, A. L., & Mudatsir, M. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review. Journal of Infection and Public Health, 13(5), 667–673. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JIPH.2020.03.019
Haryanto, R., Maulidia Septimar Program Studi Sarjana Keperawatan, Z., Yatsi Tangerang, Stik., & Penulis, K. (n.d.). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Kecemasan Perawat Covid-19 Selama Pandemi di Indonesia Factors Affecting the Anxiety Levels of Covid-19 Nurses During the Pandemic in Indonesia. The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Disease, 6(1).
Hou, C., Chen, J., Zhou, Y., Hua, L., Yuan, J., He, S., Guo, Y., Zhang, S., Jia, Q., Zhao, C., Zhang, J., Xu, G., & Jia, E. (2020). The effectiveness of quarantine of Wuhan city against the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A well-mixed SEIR model analysis. Journal of Medical Virology, 92(7), 841–848. https://doi.org/10.1002/JMV.25827
Hui, D. S., I Azhar, E., Madani, T. A., Ntoumi, F., Kock, R., Dar, O., Ippolito, G., Mchugh, T. D., Memish, Z. A., Drosten, C., Zumla, A., & Petersen, E. (2020). The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health — The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 91, 264–266. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJID.2020.01.009
Jebril, N. (2020). World Health Organization Declared a Pandemic Public Health Menace: A Systematic Review of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 “COVID-19.” SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3566298
Lai, X., Wang, M., Qin, C., Tan, L., Ran, L., Chen, D., Zhang, H., Shang, K., Xia, C., Wang, S., Xu, S., & Wang, W. (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-2019) Infection Among Health Care Workers and Implications for Prevention Measures in a Tertiary Hospital in Wuhan, China. JAMA Network Open, 3(5), e209666–e209666. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMANETWORKOPEN.2020.9666
Li, R., Pei, S., Chen, B., Song, Y., Zhang, T., Yang, W., & Shaman, J. (2020). Substantial undocumented infection facilitates the rapid dissemination of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Science, 368(6490), 489–493. https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.ABB3221
Liu, C. Y., Yang, Y. Z., Zhang, X. M., Xu, X., Dou, Q. L., Zhang, W. W., & Cheng, A. S. K. (2020). The prevalence and influencing factors in anxiety in medical workers fighting COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional survey. Epidemiology & Infection, 148, e98. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268820001107
Marjan Fuadi, T., & Artikel, I. (2020). Covid 19: Antara Angka Kematian dan Angka Kelahiran. Jurnal Sosiologi Agama Indonesia (JSAI), 1(3), 199–211. https://doi.org/10.22373/JSAI.V1I3.767
Mohapatra, R. K., Pintilie, L., Kandi, V., Sarangi, A. K., Das, D., Sahu, R., & Perekhoda, L. (2020). The recent challenges of highly contagious COVID-19, causing respiratory infections: Symptoms, diagnosis, transmission, possible vaccines, animal models, and immunotherapy. Chemical Biology & Drug Design, 96(5), 1187–1208. https://doi.org/10.1111/CBDD.13761
Moitra, M., Rahman, M., Collins, P. Y., Gohar, F., Weaver, M., Kinuthia, J., Rössler, W., Petersen, S., Unutzer, J., Saxena, S., Huang, K. Y., Lai, J., & Kumar, M. (2021). Mental Health Consequences for Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review to Draw Lessons for LMICs. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYT.2021.602614/FULL
Nasus, E., Tedy Tulak, G., Sains dan Teknologi, F., & Sembilanbelas November Kolaka, U. (2021). TINGKAT KECEMASAN PETUGAS KESEHATAN MENJALANI RAPID TEST MENDETEKSI DINI COVID 19. Jurnal Endurance, 6(1), 94–102. https://doi.org/10.22216/JEN.V6I1.144
Nurdiana, A., Marlina, R., & Adityasning, W. (2021). Berantas Hoax Seputar Vaksin Covid 19 Melalui Kegiatan Edukasi dan Sosialisasi Vaksin Covid 19. ABDIMAS: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(1), 489–495. https://doi.org/10.35568/ABDIMAS.V4I1.1175
Paules, C. I., Marston, H. D., & Fauci, A. S. (2020). Coronavirus Infections-More Than Just the Common Cold. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association, 323(8), 707–708. https://doi.org/10.1001/JAMA.2020.0757
Priscilla, J., & Lestari, P. (2020). Model Komunikasi Krisis Pelayanan Pasien di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 17(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.31315/JIK.V17I1.3509
Psikologis dalam Memberikan Perawatan dan Layanan Kesehatan Pasien COVID-, D., Tenaga Profesional Kesehatan Lilin Rosyanti, pada, Hadi, I., Keperawatan, J., & Kemenkes Kendari, P. (2020). Dampak Psikologis dalam Memberikan Perawatan dan Layanan Kesehatan Pasien COVID-19 pada Tenaga Profesional Kesehatan. Health Information : Jurnal Penelitian, 12(1), 107–130. https://doi.org/10.36990/hijp.vi.191
Purnamasari, F., Andriani, R., Restu Marsiwi, A., Jurusan, M. S., Widya Dharma Husada Tangerang, Stik., & Jurusan, D. S. (2021). HUBUNGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN DENGAN KUALITAS TIDUR PERAWAT PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID – 19. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Keris Husada, 5(01), 5–17. https://www.akperkerishusada.ac.id/akperker_ojs/index.php/akperkeris/article/view/76
Sabarudin, Mahmudah, R., Ruslin, Aba, L., Nggawu, L. O., Syahbudin, Nirmala, F., Saputri, A. I., & Hasyim, M. S. (2020). Efektivitas Pemberian Edukasi secara Online melalui Media Video dan Leaflet terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Pencegahan Covid-19 di Kota Baubau: Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 6(2). https://doi.org/10.22487/J24428744.2020.V6.I2.15253
Satria, B., Kasim, F., Sitepu, K., Rambey, H., Simarmata, M., Melda Br Bangun, S., & Rionald Sihite, H. G. (2021). HUBUNGAN KARAKTERISTIK RESPONDEN DAN DUKUNGAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEPATUHAN TERHADAP PROTOKOL KESEHATAN PENCEGAHAN COVID-19 DI KECAMATAN DATUK LIMA PULUH KABUPATEN BATU BARA. JURNAL KESMAS DAN GIZI (JKG), 3(2), 213–217. https://doi.org/10.35451/JKG.V3I2.688
Suresh, R., Alam, A., & Karkossa, Z. (2021). Using Peer Support to Strengthen Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYT.2021.714181/FULL
Tiara, R., 1, D., Arumsari, W., & Rohmah, S. (2021). Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Pencegahan COVID-19 pada Pedagang di Pasar Sampangan Kota Semarang. Indonesian Journal of Health Community, 2(1), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.31331/IJHECO.V2I1.1631
Wijayanti, R., Hestiningsih, R., Yuliawati, S., Kusariana, N., Epidemiologi, B., Penyakit, D., Fakultas, T., & Masyarakat, K. (2022). Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Tingkat Kecemasan pada Tenaga Kesehatan saat Pandemi COVID-19 (Studi di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta). Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Komunitas, 7(1), 465–470. https://doi.org/10.14710/JEKK.V7I1.13328
World Health Organization Declared a Pandemic Public Health Menace: A Systematic Review of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 “COVID-19” by Nadia Jebril :: SSRN. (n.d.). Retrieved September 21, 2023, from https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3566298
Zhang, Y., Xie, S., Wang, P., Wang, G., Zhang, L., Cao, X., Wu, W., Bian, Y., Huang, F., Luo, N., Luo, M., & Xiao, Q. (2020). Factors Influencing Mental Health of Medical Workers During the COVID-19 Outbreak. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 550006. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPUBH.2020.00491/BIBTEX
Zhu, J., Sun, L., Zhang, L., Wang, H., Fan, A., Yang, B., Li, W., & Xiao, S. (2020). Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in the First-Line Medical Staff Fighting Against COVID-19 in Gansu. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 540480. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYT.2020.00386/BIBTEX